Industrial Design and Future Public Transportation Design

Azhar, Salman, et al. "Building information modeling for sustainable design and LEED rating analysis." Automation in construction 20.2 (2011): 217-224.

The demand for sustainable buildings in the cities and residential is on the increase in the recent years. Azhar notes that building sustainable features is usually done during the design and the preconstruction stages. The rating system of leadership in energy and Environmental design helps in ensuring that cities are developed sustainably. Before certification is provided for construction, an in-depth sustainable analysis must be conducted based on the building form, context, materials, and mechanical electrical and plumbing systems. The process aims to ensure that the buildings developed meets the required standards needed for houses. In The future, most buildings will be sustainable, and the study helps to provide crucial details on how the analysis will impact the development of these cities. It is through such analysis that will allow the construction of buildings that cater to the needs of future generations due to the adoption of better designs that are sustainable.

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Dell'Olio, Luigi, Angel Ibeas, and Patricia Cecin. "The quality of service desired by public transport users." Transport Policy18.1 (2011): 217-227.

One of the issues addressed by this article is the needs of commuters who use public transport systems. The perceived quality is usually different from the desired quality, and it represents a different experience by the daily users of these services. It makes it important to study the quality that is desired to enable the development of the transport systems that meet the needs of the users. The study examines various actors and how they are important when it comes to public transport which includes, comfort, cleanliness as well as the waiting time. Other factors include the journey time, driver kindness and vehicle occupancy. Improving the quality of service is dependent on these factors. The study provides essential data that can be utilized in the development of future cities whereby the designers put into consideration the needs of the passengers. Such factors will be useful for the improvement of the public transport and in development of future cities. Diels, Cyriel, et al. "Designing for comfort in shared and automated vehicles (SAV): a conceptual framework." (2017).

The article focuses on user requirements, vehicle automation, shared mobility and human-centered designs. The author notes that the automotive designs are biased when it comes to the driver and automation is allowing the task of driving to be given to machines. The need for shared mobility is an issue that needs to be addressed and other challenges that exist. The future of transportation needs to consider the mobility solutions to address the transport challenges. The shared and automated vehicles are seen as the solution to improve the passenger experience when designing the future road vehicles. Automation brings more pleasure to passengers as they can engage in non-driving related tasks. The new mode of transport increases efficiency in the transportation and improves comfort. The article provides some crucial information on the automation of vehicles and sharing and how it can improve the experience of users. It explores the new designs that will be adopted in the future to enhance transportation.

Kennedy, Christopher, Stephanie Pincetl, and Paul Bunje. "The study of urban metabolism and its applications to urban planning and design." Environmental pollution 159.8 (2011): 1965-1973.

The article focuses on the study of urban metabolism, which deals with the flow of water materials and nutrients in the city. Metabolism is addressed regarding energy equivalents, and it is therefore applied in the planning of urban places. Some of the factors considered include the urban sustainability indicators and inputs to greenhouse gas emissions calculations. Urban metabolism is applied when conducting studies on sustainable urban designs which include even transport systems. Future applications will involve aspects such as the fuller integration of social economic and health indicators in the framework of urban metabolism. The design of future cities will take into consideration the element of greater sustainability in the reconstruction. The article provides crucial information on the development and design of cities that are intended to improve the use of energy while reducing the emission of greenhouse gases. Such plans are also likely to impact the designs adopted to transportation in a bid to integrate it with the new cities.

Lam, Albert YS, Yiu-Wing Leung, and Xiaowen Chu. "Autonomous-vehicle public transportation system: Scheduling and admission control." IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 17.5 (2016): 1210-1226.

The authors explore how the technology of autonomous vehicles is adopted due to advancements in tech. The automation allows the connection of fleets of vehicles through vehicular communication technologies which improves efficiency and flexibility. Through this technology, the automated vehicles are now able to accommodate the transportation requests of passengers. In the future, such vehicles will also be able to offer point to pint services and ridesharing which will improve the efficiency of transport. With the technology, it becomes easier to develop vehicles that can be scheduled to operate on their meeting the needs of the people living in various cities. The design of motorized vehicles comes as a result of advancement in technology and urban centers whereby new modes of transport are needed to meet the emerging needs of residents. The information contained in the article is thus useful in researching how industrial designs will be impacted in the future as well as public transport.

Milakis, Dimitris, Bart Van Arem, and Bert Van Wee. "Policy and society related implications of automated driving: a review of literature and directions for future research." Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems 21.4 (2017): 324-348.

The article addresses the issue of automated driving and its implications in the future on aspects such as travel cost, traffic, and travel choices. It also brings up other factors such as the vehicle ownership and sharing, transport infrastructure and location and land use. Safety, energy consumption, air pollution, economy and public health is considered in this study. In this study, the findings indicate that automation of driving will impact the fuel efficiency, road capacity and reduce the risks of accidents. Moreover, increased level of automation will improve the penetration of such systems. The synergistic effect of vehicle sharing, automation and electrification are likely to increase the benefits. The article provides valuable insights on the future of automated public transport and the benefits that stand to be gained. It also touches on the factors that need to be considered when adopting automation in the future, thus making it a reliable source.

Riffat, Saffa, Richard Powell, and Devrim Aydin. "Future cities and environmental sustainability." Future cities and Environment 2.1 (2016): 1.

The issue of sustainability in cities is focused in this article and the effects of the increased populations. The quality of life has also been affected by this growth as mass urbanization has led to social instability, thus undermining the city 's capacity to be economically successful and environmentally sustainable. New cities need to be developed on a new model of sustainability which includes incentives to save energy increase citizens wellbeing and protect the environment. Future cities need to be designed in a way that they allow social activities to overlap by focusing on the neighborhood. Innovations should be introduced to bring more reality of what is expected in the future. The articles offer crucial insights on the development of future cities and the factors to consider to increase sustainability. Therefore, the information provided is essential in the study of how future cities might influence future transport designs and usability of transport facilities that will be available.

Rode, Philipp, et al. "Accessibility in cities: transport and urban form." Disrupting Mobility. Springer, Cham, 2017. 239-273.

Rode highlights the issue of increasing accessibility of cities by improved transport. In this article, he discusses the need for having a proper transportation network n sprawling urban developments. Conventional motorized transport should be incorporated compact cities by adopting innovative choices of mobility that are shaped by public and shared transport. The article uses examples of emerging trends in various countries and offers recommendations to multiple stakeholders, including vehicle manufacturers, academics, and even policymakers. The information is valuable and can be used in determining how the development of such cities is going to impact the design of transport systems. It is because transport must also go in line with the growth in the cities to ensure that the infrastructure is improved. The article is therefore credible for use in the study as it provides crucial information on how to the improvement of the cities will eventually lead to an improvement in the transport systems.

Saaty, Thomas L., and Pierfrancesco De Paola. "Rethinking design and urban planning for the cities of the future." Buildings 7.3 (2017): 76.

The author notes that urban areas have recorded an increased growth as more people abandon the rural areas. Urbanization comes with its consequences which includes pollution, waste dumps, junk yards and increased consumption of energy and resources. It is important to plan and design urban metropolitans to avoid such problems or minimize them. One needs to consider the benefits, opportunities, deliverables, costs, and risks as well as available resources. The paper touches on the consequence of urban sprawls and discusses the solutions to some of them, which include the development of sustainable cities, compact cities, and smart cities. However, crucial decisions must be made to ensure that the projects are successful. The information provided in this article provides important details on adoption alternative city models such as elevated cities, greenhouse cities, and even water cities. The type of transport adopted will also be determined by the kind of city design. The planning and design of city models must also incorporate transportation designs that match the needs of the residents.

Sallis, James F., et al. "Use of science to guide city planning policy and practice: how to achieve healthy and sustainable future cities." The lancet 388.10062 (2016): 2936-2947.

One of the issues addressed in this article is how transport and land policies contribute to the exposure of people to traffic noise, pollution, isolation and sedentary behavior. Motorized transport leads to the emission of greenhouse gases that threaten human health. Transport and urban planning designs should reflect the evidence gathered and take into account how to improve the standards of living the society. Urban planning is thus crucial as well as transport designs and cities should pursue to develop compact and mixed-use designs. The adoption of these designs enables the development of transport systems that lead to the shift from private motor vehicles to public motor vehicles and cycling. The article thus offers vital information on how the changing needs of the people in cities will affect the designs of transportation. It is, therefore, a credible source to use as it helps to determine how urban city mobility is influenced by city design.