Free Report Sample on Neural Network

Introduction

The specialised neural network is based on the mathematical model used for drum found on the human brain's neurons. The neural network's purpose is to process faces visually to easily enable easy detection and give the message of identification to the one who perceives it. However, the brain's neural network should not be interfered, as it offers a specialised neural network to perform face processing. When interrupted, it develops some complications like developmental prosopagnosia, lack of brain plasticity, autism, and the amygdala's interference. Besides, these factors affect the faces' processing due to a lack of perception of the complications above. This essay aims to evaluate the seven studies provided to assess the degree to which the evidence supports the notion that humans have specialised neural structures.

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Prosopagnosia

In Hadjukhan's (2002) article, it was based on prosopagnosia on a neural basis with an fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging). Brain research imaging was conducted to identify and determine the IOG (Inferior Occipital Gyrus) role and FFA (mid fusiform gyrus). They help to respond to the selected faces. These specified areas were on the study, and we activated through the fMRI in the three individuals where the F-test was carried. The three individuals were classified as follows, an adult who had pure developmental prosopagnosia. It was brought by a head injury caused seven years ago. Besides, the other two had childhood prosopagnosics conditions that interfered with their brain plasticity (Hadjukhan, 2002). For both of them, there was a clarity that there was an inversion of facial images that were processed.

The results came out after successful F-test exercise completion. They confirmed that the three patients' performance obtained from the tests carried fell with the normal range. The tests carried were based on Brenton Visual Form discrimination, which involved orientation of some subsets selected, including size, line length, and gap size. The face recognition test was conducted with the Warrington test of face recognition and Benton test of face recognition. Though the results obtained had a normal range, none of them showed face-selective activation. The lack of this activation for the prosopagnosia-conditioned patients reflects the critical difference from a selected population.

Test

The test's main aim was to determine and ascertain the fMRI level in processing the images and face detection in the FFA and IOG. The purposes of the study were supported by the findings and gave positive results from the conclusion made. The study's limitation in this paper was that the results from face recognition indicated the limit of the cortical plasticity in the faces' perception.

The Gauthier’s (1999) article has discussed whether the middle of fusiform face area activation increases with novel object recognition experts. Besides, the fMRI was used to measure the changes associated with increasing the brain part's expertise areas selected for their preference (Gauthier, 1999). The results obtained have a necessary implication for interpreting the fusiform face area role in recognising the objects.

Some tests done are to determine whether the activation process is accurate and legit. The studies carried showed that the inversion is more detrimental to face recognition than the objects (Gauthier 1999). During the action of face recognition, the face will depend on a given object's utility. The results obtained from the tests carried above show that the brain is more in honor of face than object recognition. Besides, to get the products accurately, there must be the location of the region of interest, which will help in the face processing occurring most in the multiple studies.

After conducting the experiment and getting the results, they were on analysis. They gave an essential explanation of the fusiform face area (FFA) role in recognition of the object visualisation (Gauthier, 1999). The experiment implied that the inversion effect is obtained from the specified regions and detected altogether. Besides, the independent task results reveal that the activation will always increase with objects' selected expertise.

The paper's main aim was to ascertain whether the FFA activation helped increase face recognition and found that they increased the face detection rate. The objective of the study was supported by the findings done. The study's limitation is that there was slow recognition of the faces detected during the FFA activation.

Processing

Furthermore, Pierce's (2001) article discusses the processing of the face occurring outside the FFA in autism with evidence from the fMRI. The study of the human face with people in autism is significant because it brings a mere understanding of the social deficits and provides a unique opportunity to study experimental factors concerning normal functionalisation of face processing. Autism is the condition or disorder that was affected. Individuals always spend less or reduced time in the face processing from birth.

Face processing was conducted with the people of autism condition where they always spend little time in the exchange hence less face recognition (Pierce, 2001). The face processing’s study in autism’s situation brings an understanding of the disorder's social deficits. It provides a great chance to facilitate the analysis of experiential factors related to the familiar face processing to the functional specialisation.

The study's main aim in this article was to ascertain whether the autism condition affects the process of face recognition. The purpose was supported by a study done on this article. The study's limitation is that some areas during the whole process were more activated than in novices, viewing objects passively.

Evidence

Steeve’s (2006) article explains why the FFA (fusiform face area) is not enough to recognise faces based on the evidence from dense prosopagnosia conditioned patients and no occipital face area. Here, a specific patient, D.F, was tested, and she had severe brain damage that led to a deficit in face processing and recognition. She can only process objects after seeing them. The control observers show an occipital face area.

Besides, she demonstrated a severe impairment in face processing because the dense prosopagnosia condition affected her ability to process facial images once she sees them (Steeve, 2006). For her to process and determine faces from non-faces, she uses only configured information. The information helped her categorise the faces when presented only in an upright orientation but not sideways.

Furthermore, when the results were released, D.F. showed there was great diffusion in brain damage due to the condition of prosopagnosia. The lesion is almost higher in the right hemisphere compared to the left one. In all this, viewing faces facilitated more excellent production of activation inconsistent area and FFA rather than scene images. It also gave an image description in free form.

In explaining the results, you find that the functional brain's activation for facial images is always consistent with the fusiform face area for patients with D.F. and neurological intact subjects. Here, there is a remarkable conclusion that the patient is in a severe prosopagnosia condition that always needs to be catered to prevent them from the visual agnostic state. Besides, D.F. clearly showed intact and functional fusiform garlic and gave destruction to occipital faces bilaterally.

The main aim of the article was to determine the effect of prosopagnosia in face processing. Besides, the limitation of the study is that prosopagnosia adversely affects the recognition and processing of faces. In this article's conclusion, the patient was severely affected by the condition of prosopagnosia as the face processing has interfered with it.

Human Cortex Module

Kanwisher's (1997) article explains in detail the FFA by a human cortex module specialised in face perception. The study found a region at fusiform gyrus in the capacity of 12 out of 15 subjects responding significantly and more intensely during viewing passively of the face than object using the fMRI. Face activation defined the specified area of individuals in each sector. Running of the multiple tests is a technique applied in the same area explained detailed functionality within particular issues, providing a solution to image processing's everyday problems.

Area F.F. gives a response to a wide variety of stimuli, which includes fray-scale of front-view photographs, the version of the same faces in the two-tone, and the faces of the grey-scale in the three-quarter view. The area F.F. allows us to assess variability in the same locus cortical across different individual subjects.

The study's main aim in this paper is that data collected from the tests enabled rejection of some accounts of functions of the area F.F. that gave a revelation to classification at the subordinate level and appeal to visual attention (Kanwisher, 1997). Besides, the aims of this paper were supported by the research and findings conducted. The study's limitation in this paper was that the data was not accurately collected in the human cortex module.

Dobel's (2008) article discusses the early dysfunction of face processing in the left-hemisphere for congenital prosopagnosia. Congenital prosopagnosia is a condition with severe impairment in the face impression that the brain lesion does not obtain. Its manifestation is mainly not been able to recognise familiar faces. A research was done demonstrating the relevance to face processing and was called an Electrophysiological study labelled as N170. The M170 shows the magnetoencephalography. Besides, M170 was sensitive to face inversion. In order to determine cognitive dysfunction together with its correlates, we investigated the neural activity's duration with the response to the manipulation of faces with manipulation of the two familiarity factors understood to be critical for the congenital prosopagnosia.

A test was done to determine the rate of affection of the congenital prosopagnosia in face processing. Here, seven individuals with the condition were taken to undergo the test (Dobel, 2008). The test was done to explore the brain activity's accuracy in processing the unknown and unknown faces.

The results came out after the test. The behavioral data corroborate the previous findings on the impaired process of configuration in the congenital prosopagnosia. For M170, the results have replicated the early findings with a larger occipitotemporal brain to inverted than upright faces, and more right- than left-hemispheric activity. Besides, when compared to controls, participants with the condition display a general decrease in brain activity. This attenuation did not interact with familiarity or orientation.

This paper is aimed to ensure that findings are substantiated at an early stage in the left hemisphere's involvement in the congenital prosopagnosia symptoms. These results corroborate findings for unimpaired face perception. Besides, the paper has limitations in that there was overuse in the feature processing strategy.

Conclusion

Finally, in Towler's (2016), there is a discussion of Mooney's normal perception in the developmental prosopagnosia (D.P.) based on the evidence derived from the N170 component and the neural adaptation rapidly. The persons with D.P. have difficulty in face recognition of the well-known individuals in the neurological damage history absence. To get the tests' actual results, we use the two Mooney images to help process the face images.