Essay Sample on Principles of TQM

Introduction

The requirements of TQM can be categorized into three. First, TQM is founded in ethics, integrity and trust. Employees and managers focus on improving the quality of the products of the organization. Managers need to develop workplace relationships that are linked by trust and integrity. The organizational culture should have values that reinforce desired behavior. Besides, ethics ensure that the interest of consumer and employees are upheld. These foundational blocks are necessary for the success of TQM. Lack of integrity derails continuous quality improvement. Ethic principles guarantee that practices in the organization encourage moral decision-making (Benavides-Velasco, Quintana-Garcia, & Marchante-Lara, 2014). Besides, employee participation and engagement has to be founded through trust in the organization. These components are the foundation of TQM.

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The second category comprises of requirements that are the building blocks for TQM. TQM is an approach that requires the participation of all business functions and employees. As such, the classification includes employee training, teamwork and participative leadership (Oakland, 2014). First-line managers and supervisors are responsible for employees training. Employee training enhances their capacity to be productive in the workplace. Also, training ensures that employees understand the importance of TQM in the organization, its principles and their role in improving the quality of products and services. Training provides that all employees focus on the goal of TQM.

Consecutively, teamwork is an important building block for TQM. TQM requires the cooperation of all employees from different departments and levels of employment. It is a tactic that inspires employee involvement and engagement in the workplace (Benavides-Velasco, Quintana-Garcia, & Marchante-Lara, 2014). Management should enhance communication and motivate employees to work together. Besides, teamwork creates a cohesive workplace that aims to improve overall productivity. Finally, leadership is a crucial element. As noted, participative leadership is the best approach to implement TQM. It encourages employee engagement and communication. It also allows managers and employees to develop constructive work relations. Leadership influences and inspires employees to implement TQM in the organization. It offers guidelines and focuses on employee needs through the process.

Thirdly, communication and recognition are binding elements reinforce TQM. Communication involves relaying information on the vision, mission and goals of the organization. It also allows for constructive feedback between employees and management. Communication enhances the coordination of efforts through teamwork. Employee participation also helps in developing a corporate philosophy fostering principled business practices (Benavides-Velasco, Quintana-Garcia, & Marchante-Lara, 2014). On the other hand, recognition works as a motivation tool for employees and teams to improve their productivity. It is an appreciation tool that creates a sense of belonging and communicates the value of employees in the process.

Types of Applications

The principles of TQM guide five types of applications. The first application is the Five S approach. The technique involves sorting activities and processes, setting an order, organizing (shine), standardizing and sustaining the approach. It is the simplest form of TQM implementation as it ensures that all tasks are set in the right place by organizing. It also requires the actualizing goal and accomplishing set milestones. The sustainability of the approach enhances continuous improvement. Secondly, Oakland, (2014) notes the lean system that aims to eliminate deficiencies and redundancies in the process. It ensures that the overall process uses raw material effectively to improve the quality of products and services

Thirdly, the Poka-Yoke system is a mistake-proofing application of TQM. It is implemented in manufacturing companies, hospitality and health organizations to eliminate avoidable mistakes in the process. Additionally, the Ishikawa fish diagram ensures that a company can monitor the root-causes of a problem in the organization. It evaluates all elements of TQM to ensure that underlying cause of a problem is identified. Lastly, the fact-based decision making enhances the examination of alternative courses of action, uncertainties involved, interpersonal issues, the complexity of the condition and the high-risk consequences (Oakland, 2014). The decision should be made based on factual information and rewards should outweigh the risks involved.

Businesses That Use TQM

Ford Motor, Exxon-Mobil and Xerox are some of the companies that have benefited from implementing TQM approaches. It has enhanced the streamlining of business operations, reduce costs and improve profitability. In the hospitality and service industry, the need for enhancing consumer satisfaction has increased. Negative customer reviews affect the image of the company and could lead to business failure. As such, organizations in the hospitality industry need to implement TQM. In their capacity, employee training, consumer focus and process emphasis are essential in ensuring continuous service quality improvement.

The advantage of TQM approaches is that they can be implemented in all types of organizations irrespective of the industry. TQM can be integrated and aligned with the organization structure. It can also be modified based on the needs of the organization. In the hospitality sector, quality improvement creates a competitive advantage for the organization. It enhances the quality of services to improve customer satisfaction. Besides, the implementation of the lean system in hospitality organization minimizes the wastage of food due to inadequate storage methods and sourcing of food (Pereira-Moliner et al. 2016). TQM enables hospitality companies to research and meet consumer demand to enhance competitiveness.

Total quality management is a strategic approach to continuous improvement of quality in products and services. It is governed by principles of communication, planning, employee involvement and consumer focus. It centers on the process and advocates for integrated systems and rational decision making to eliminate deficiencies and redundancies. Different applications of TQM have benefited corporations and can be useful in the hospitality sector.

References

Benavides-Velasco, C. A., Quintana-Garcia, C., & Marchante-Lara, M. (2014). Total quality management, corporate social responsibility and performance in the hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 41, 77-87.

Oakland, J. S. (2014). Total quality management and operational excellence: text with cases. Routledge.

Pereira-Moliner, J., Pertusa-Ortega, E. M., Tari, J. J., Lopez-Gamero, M. D., & Molina- Azorin, J. F. (2016). Organizational design, quality management and competitive advantage in hotels. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(4), 762-784.