Essay on New Technology for Improved Gas-Oil Production: Exploring Fluid Mechanics

In the modern-day, there is increasing demand for energy across the world. And this is often coupled with the increasing population. Therefore, it is essential to realize the need for the innovation of new ways for the exploitation of energy, particularly gas and oil. And it reflects the consideration of the fluid mechanics' concepts for the improvement of energy production. In this paper, there is a provision of the description of the new technology adopted in the gas-oil industry for the maximization of energy production. In this perspective, cutting-edge technology is widely accepted as the most innovative method for gas-oil output as compared to the traditional way of the extraction. It further examines the incorporation of cutting-edge technology in fluid mechanics. It reflects the adaptation of cutting-edge technology in the production of gas and oil with a new, improved way. It is, however, worth understanding that the description of the old method helps to explore the changes that cutting-edge technology had brought into the industry. Nevertheless, it is also crucial for the incorporation of the depth insight of cutting-edge technology. Thus, the depth insight of cutting-edge technology helps to understand its impacts on the sustainable development of the gas-oil industry.

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The exploration of the development of the gas-oil production industry helps to examine the incoming technology in the production. With this regard, the new technology is minimizing the cost of production, and as well as the risks that were used to be incurred during the extraction of gas and oil (Lake et al., 2014). The removal of gas and oil requires the understanding of the fluid mechanics' concepts for the exploration of innovative ways. In fluid mechanics, some terms are more likely to be heard if one is not familiar with the process, and that is unconventional and conventional. It would sound like the right way of gas and oil drilling and vice-versa (Millar et al., 2019). However, these terms are often used for the differentiation of the traditional and modern methods of extraction.

In the past decades, the conventional method was the most reliable method for the extraction of raw natural petroleum, crude oil, and gas. But the demand for oil and gas keeps rising, natural gas and oil reduced due to high consumption (Sami, 2016). The proper drilling helps to make it easy for the extraction of gas and oil from the well by pumping of natural pressure; hence, this forces the oil and gas to come out to the surface for the extraction. However, the continuous removal of gas and petroleum reduces production. In this method, there is the incorporation of the artificial lift, which is often referred to as 'gas and water injection' (Yu et al., 2015). It is through this method that production is slightly increased. This additional technique is primarily aimed at improving the output when depletion of natural resources starts.

It is, however, essential to consider the cost of production that is incurred in the process. It implies the newly invented technology for the production of gas and oil. In the conventional method, the extraction is more likely to decline as the cost of production increases. It causes the loss because the cost of production exceeds the profits, hence leading to the stoppage of extraction (Al-Kadem et al., 2018). It paved the way for the discovery of the technological way aimed at reducing the expenses for maximizing the benefits. On another hand, it reflects the basic concepts of fluid mechanics engineering for the modern extraction of gas and oil. Consequently, it is through an in-depth exploration of fluid mechanics that the removal of gas and oil can be carried out more effectively (Doucette et al., 2016). Concerning this, this method is often referred to as 'unconventional methods.' The effectiveness and efficiency of oil-gas production imply the reduction of the costs incurred.

The unconventional method is often described as the modern extraction technique that is adopted by the world's largest gas-oil factories. The alternative methods possess the attributes of cutting-edge technology that is applied in fluid mechanics for the extraction and production of gas and oil (Balasurbramanism et al., 2018). The cutting-edge technology is merely a new, improved technology that is employed in various industries. It further incorporates electronic devices and computer technology in the process of production. Nevertheless, cutting-edge technology is currently being used in medical, automotive, engineering, and many other industries, including fluid mechanics (Al-Kadem et al., 2018). The gas-oil sector was known for ignoring the use of technology in production. But due to the scarcity of natural gas and oil, this industry was forced to incorporate new technology for meeting the high demand.

The new method of gas and oil extraction involves multiple technologies for drilling. In the traditional process, the removal of gas and oil merely requires vertical drilling in about a few miles underground (Li et al., 2015). However, cutting-edge technology primarily focuses on the creation of new opportunities for more production of gas and oil. Most importantly, cutting-edge technology had resulted in the reduction of risks and environmental damages to the eco-system and human as well (Stevens, 2016). Given that cutting-edge technology reaches the oil reserves; it also reduces the adverse environmental effects. Thus, this implies the need for the realization of the application of the fluid mechanic's concepts in the production of gas and oil.

The extraction of gas and oil does not require the consideration of various factors necessary for the process. In this perspective, the underground environment plays a critical role in the exploration of a simple way for extraction. These environmental factors include the rock porosity and the viscosity trait of deposits (Lake et al., 2014). Thus, the complementation of these factors facilitates the free flow of the gas and oil from the deposit reserves to the surface. In the past, the extraction of gas and oil used to get access to about 10% of the oil and gas in the underground reservoir. On another hand, the new technology of cutting-edge increases production to 50% of the pool. Therefore, this implies the increased yield of oil and gas from the underground. In the cutting edge technology, there is involvement of various techniques that allow the effectiveness and efficiency of the gas-oil industry, and they include primary, secondary, and enhanced recovery techniques (Doucette et al., 2016). Therefore, this is a reflection of the methods that be used depending on the nature of the rocks and deposits.

In primary recovery, there is reliance on the incorporation of pressure for forcing the fluids on the surface. It further involves the pumps for helping to bring the liquids from underground to the surface. In many cases, the extracted gas is pumped back into the oil reservoir underground beneath the ground and oil, hence causing the expansion of gas, which pumps the oil up to the surface (Yu et al., 2015). However, this technique of incorporating gas for lifting is merely used in the offshore extraction facilities. And this technique can also be regarded as the traditional method for the extraction of gas and oil. Furthermore, there is an advanced technique that increases the quantity of the oil and gas extracted. In secondary recovery, the removal involves water to bring oil to the surface. Firstly, there is a separation of water from the oil to be able to use it for pushing more reserves from the underground to the surface (Miller et al., 2019). The separation is carried out in the initial stage, and then it is injected back into the oil reservoir in the so-called 'oil-bearing' reservoir to push more quantity of oil to the surface.

Furthermore, the extraction of more oil requires the incorporation of various techniques. As aforementioned, the methods discussed are not suitable for the removal of more quantity of oil from the underground reservoir (Doucette et al., 2016). In enhanced recovery, there are multiple methods that need to be considered for effective extraction. In the first stage, the thermal process incorporates the steam injection into the formation, and it is through the pressure of steam that oil is more likely to flow more easily (Yu et al., 2015). Thus, this makes the extraction more effective as compared to the previous techniques.

It further involves gas injection because it increases the quantity extracted. In this method, there are two kinds of gases, namely, miscible and immiscible gases. The miscible gas is primarily used for dissolving propane, carbon dioxide, and methane with the gaseous components in the oil (Stevens, 2016). Consequently, this lowers the level of viscosity with an increase in flowing speed. And on another hand, the immiscible gas is merely used for increasing the pressure, which forces the remaining oil in the reservoir to move out to the surface for extraction process. Nevertheless, there is another method used in the enhanced recovery for extracting more oil and gas from the underground reservoir (Balasurbramanism et al., 2018). The so-called chemical injection involves the mixture of dense water and a water-soluble polymer. And this mixture is primarily injected into the underground for pushing the oil from the reservoir to the surface. However, it is worth understanding that the extraction covers at least 60% of the entire reserve.

The exploration of cutting-edge technology requires the understanding of various techniques that are essential for its application in the extraction of gas and oil. Given that the traditional method of extracted vertically, cutting-edge technology involves the removal from different angles for increasing the production quantity and quality as well (Li et al., 2015). Furthermore, this approach incorporates the technologies commonly known as Horizontal, Multilateral, Extended Reach, and Complex Path Drilling. These technologies play an essential role in the maximization of the production in the gas-oil industry, and it has brought tremendous result due to their effectiveness and efficiency (Yu et al., 2015). As previously mentioned, cutting-edge technology is responsible for reduced risks and uncertainty, particularly for investors. In the past, the extraction involves various health and economic risks that often limited the extraction process. Thus, this was perhaps the main reason for the scarcity of gas and oil for the consumers (Stevens, 2006). In this context, the technology in the gas-oil industry makes it easy for the extraction at a lower cost, hence reducing the cost of gas and oil at the market. Therefore, this implies the effectiveness and efficiency of technology in the industry.

The Horizontal Drilling is a technology employed in the extraction of gas and oil for the maximization of the quantity of production. In this technology, the drilling is carried out vertically, but it turns horizontally when it reaches the oil reservoir (Li et al., 2015). Thus, this is primarily aimed at the exposition of the oil to more open holes where it is extracted through. However, it is essential for realizing that the drilling goes over miles underground. Concerning this, the longer the drill goes, the more the extracted gas and oil (Chen et al., 2018). This technology further drains the gas and oil for the increase of the flow through the pipes drilled underground.

Conclusion

Most importantly, it is necessary for the realization of the suitability of the soil type for this technology. And it reflects the need for the consideration of the application of this technology only i...