Essay on Criminal Justice System: Program Analysis and Policy Evaluation

Introduction

The inquiry of 'how, why and to what effect government pursue particular courses of action and inaction', "what the government does, why they do it and what dissimilarity does it make" is called. Policy Analysis The whole process of policy analysis entails problems identity, the policy formulae, the how to legitimize the policy and the evaluation being the last phase Evaluation inquiry is also varied, namely, Procedure evaluation, Effect Evaluation, Valuation and Watching. This project focuses on establishing a platform for correcting a crime puzzle besides strategy assessment on the theoretic platform. Therefore, the following questions need to be asked; do the chosen programs perform accurately? Will they produce the required outcome? Will they offer sufficient assistances to defend their outlays? Is the programs worth for improving, maintenance or elimination (Theo, 2007).

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The law enforcement in the United States of America is experiencing at present crisis of legitimacy. This is because of the increase in crime rates that is either cyber related or the obvious crimes like murder, theft and even rape. Numerous Americans (precisely those from the isolated communities) seem to be opposing the legality of law enforcement. Since it pertains using exertion and communications with the "African American" (Scott & Justine, 2015). Therefore the Department of Justice with the assistance of NIJ as a research branch has come up with a program to help fight crime. Having carried out a research on the various methods of tackling crimes, majority have not shown any change among the criminals they go back to the same crime (only few) change and this does not make any difference.

Various scholars have discovered that, the incapacitation of offenders to decrease criminal activities is an option that is expensive. Further, the option of taking the offenders before courts for judgment seems to be slightly efficient compared to imprisonment in demoralizing more offending. Restriction is one of the conventional methods of preventing crime that the justice system can use. It has been presumed that, when penalties for the offences are tough, the offenders will be deterred from committing the crime acts and the remaining will be restricted from starting a profession in crime. Sadly, no evidence is available showing that the tough penalties possess a peculiar capability in crimes control. This sphere of inquiry bears very costly material and it is still controversial, though proof for the hindrance effect of tough penalties seem not to exist apart from special and limited situations ( for instance, it might, apparently, decrease the evasion of tax). Hence, the state should not look on the side of evidence produced from applying strict punishments as deterrent. Other features of restriction do, and however appear to be efficient. For instance whereas the strict sanction may not seem to deter crime, the urgency and surety of capture seem to. This implies; the bigger the opportunity that a person might be held and punished for a crime and sooner this it will happen, the lesser offence might be committed (Criminal Justice Handbook Series, 2008 p 20).

How is deterring a program of crimes control effective? In few cases, deterring has been efficient in the delivery of services. As mentioned early, those who evade have had their properties ceased if they do not pay up and this has made it the responsibility of every citizen to be apt in remitting their dues to the state. Another instance given is failure to observe the traffic rules like over speeding, drunk driving and even driving without a license. The penalties have been withdrawal of driving license, arrests and even penalties.

In some states like Latin America, this strategy has been proved to be efficient. It targeted sex delinquents in United Kingdom and America. Three out of five of the studies in America resolved that notification and registration policies had no difference in erotic recidivism yet two witnessed optimistic results (though repeatedly, proof was occasionally assorted for non-sexual tendency). The report that intervened in the United Kingdom's inquiry was a seasonal detector examining strategy that was not highly efficient. Overall, proof gave reassurance for programs targeting sex criminals with involvements that are more rehabilitative in nature (Ines, 2014).

Does deterring produce the desire results? Yes, since fines, probations and other penalties have been imposed on citizens as law enforcement tactics, citizens are more careful not to find themselves at the worn side of the law. For instance, nobody would want their driving license withdrawn because it will interfere with movement in pursuit of carrying on daily duties. Certain statutory charges are taken care of like taxes and payments at public facilities like parking et al

Does deterring offer sufficient benefits to justify its charges? Deterring helps the state in taking care of daily overhead for instance, payment of casual workers, construction or roads and public facilities like hospitals. This is through prompt payments that are made and even fines/penalties collected from citizens. It also enhances responsibility among citizens especially for the investors either within or without a particular state.

What are the improved methods of attacking the issue of crimes? Various methods can be applied like ensuring training of its personnel on technology and various ways of handling crimes. This ensures they are up to date with the trend cyber criminals apply in money laundering and cyber attacking et al.

Deterrence should be maintained and even improved. If the necessary measures and information is put in place, it will be efficient especially in the running of public facilities and to an extent avoid cases of corruption, sexual molestation among others. Though evidence may be requisite in approving or discharging of decisions concerning the declining effects of deterrent postponed rulings with no tryout and penalties and improved restriction prison period, effort discharge, electronic observing or tryout for domestic violence cases, in addition to the upsurge reoffending related to prison rulings for offenders of property (Ines, 2014).

Conclusion

In conclusion, The Unites States of America police are experiencing crisis in legitimacy due to the panic over extremely revealed incidents of using force over the deaths of its citizens in numeral towns in the past years. Therefore, with careful planning, analysis and evaluation, excellent programs will be established to assist the police in the curbing of crime. This is necessary because it engages all the stakeholders in the segment of law enforcement hence efficiency and safety of the nation. The use of deterrence should also be upheld especially at the federal level of the state where most services of the public are sort. Hence, it is the responsibility of citizens to be cautious lest they be found in the wrong hands of the law.

References

Pousadela, I. M. (2014). What Works In the Criminal Justice System (And What Doesn't):

A2000-11 Update on Policing, Courts and Corrections.Wolfe, E. S., Nix, J. (2015). The Alleged "Ferguson Effect" And Police Willingness To

Engage In Community Partnership. Law and Human Behavior 40(1) American Psychological Association. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/Ihb0000164.

Handbook on Planning and Action of Crime Prevention in Southern Africa and the Caribbean Regions (2008). Criminal Justice Handbook Series. United Nations Publication.Jans, T. M. (2007). A Framework for Public Policy Analysis and Policy Evaluation. IES Research Colloqium