Crusades Marked by Outbreaks of Anti-Judaism: Christian Violence and Persecution - Annotated Bibliography

Riley-Smith, J. (2002). Christian violence and the crusades. In Religious Violence between Christians and Jews (pp. 3-20). Palgrave Macmillan, London.

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The article reveals that the crusades in the Middle East were marked with the outbreaks of anti-Judaism. The persecution occurred in the early phases of the first crusade. Despite the contemporary argument that the scale of the persecution was exaggerated, it was severe and portrayed an attempt to force baptism on the Jews.

Mitchell, P. D., & Millard, A. R. (2009). Migration to the medieval Middle East with the Crusades. American Journal of Physical Anthropology: The Official Publication of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, 140(3), 518-525.

The article seeks to investigate the two populations from the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem through identifying who came from the Middle East and who was born in Europe. The study found that the population from the city of Caesarea was mainly donated by people born in Europe, and just a few people were found to be locals.

Housley, N. (1998). Crusading as social revolt: The Hungarian peasant uprising of 1514. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 49(1), 1-28.

The article suggests that a minor nobleman who had the war experience with the Turks was chosen to be the commander of the crusading army. A halt was later called to the preaching. It was canceled because the crusade preaching triggered alarming social unrest, in which the army of the crusaders defeated the noble forces.

Housley, N. (2005). Perceptions of crusading in the mid-fourteenth century: The evidence of three texts. Viator, 36, 415-433.

The article seeks to assess the perception of crusading in the mid-fourteenth century, during which the great Passagia's age drew to a close. Between the 1340s and 1350s, when Europe was embattled with plague, economic crisis, and warfare, the demand for crusade had lost an appeal, but the revival of enthusiasm happened at the end of the century. The study revealed that the crusading activities were seen as a positive light.

Mitchell, P. D. (2011). The spread of disease with the crusades. In Between Text and Patient: The Medical Enterprise in Medieval and Early Modern Europe (pp. 309-330). Sismel Florence.

The article seeks to analyze the evidence which is based on the spread of disease with the crusades between the Middle East and Europe as well as among other regions in the Middle East. The assumption has been that the crusades in the region were responsible for the spread of the disease from the Middle East to Europe between the twelfth and thirteenth centuries due to the travel of the crusaders and the pilgrims.

References

Housley, N. (1998). Crusading as social revolt: The Hungarian peasant uprising of 1514. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 49(1), 1-28.

Housley, N. (2005). Perceptions of crusading in the mid-fourteenth century: The evidence of three texts. Viator, 36, 415-433.

Mitchell, P. D. (2011). The spread of disease with the crusades. In Between Text and Patient: The Medical Enterprise in Medieval and Early Modern Europe (pp. 309-330). Sismel Florence.

Mitchell, P. D., & Millard, A. R. (2009). Migration to the medieval Middle East with the Crusades. American Journal of Physical Anthropology: The Official Publication of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, 140(3), 518-525.

Riley-Smith, J. (2002). Christian violence and the crusades. In Religious Violence between Christians and Jews (pp. 3-20). Palgrave Macmillan, London.