Essay Sample on Global Village: Boundless Trade & Communication

Introduction

The universe is fast turning to a global village, a place that has no boundaries to get rid of free trade as well as communication. The manner in which business is done has turned in an unprecedented way. In the universal market place, the competition is at its peak, a point where the entire organizations want to sell all their goods to all customers in any location of the world. Ethicsis the discipline that deals with that is regarded as bad and good and wrong and right or with the moral obligation and duty. Ethics is as well regarded as the human duty in its wider sense study, emphasizing the normal thread of the obligation recognition and the responsibility acceptance for the way the actions of a person would influence other individuals. There is an encounter of the dogmatism or relativism debate. Relativism describes the way values of ethics relate to the society or culture sustaining them. The interference by the other people considered as unethical since it is questionable if the other societies or cultures have to try to instill their standards on other individuals. The argument of dogmatism is that, there exist universal acceptable behavior standards and the absolute values, for instance, the human rights. It is unethical not to support human rights (Akben-Selcuk, 2016). The mechanism always introduces dilemmas, for example, the debate concerning "just wars"the underlying intervention for the deposition of an abhorrent regime and the current impacts in the Irrawaddy Delta in Cyclone Nargis Myanmar, the time that the government through a couple of weeks did not assist, especially from the West.

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It is typically known that the principles of ethics are devised primarily from the substantial beliefs and the system of values established within a culture, for example the national cohesion and identity, family structure importance, traditions and religious beliefs. Ethics try to communicate the things which are morally accepted within a specific culture or society (Caldwell, 2010). It concerns the way human beings have to act amongst each other in different contexts, entailing business. Business ethics are explained to be the method of applying ethical and moral considerations in a setting of a business. The ethical dilemma at this point is that the business strategy success is always determined through the way it has attained the set objectives of an organization. Practically the goals of an organization are always discussed in regard to achieving particular targets of finances and fewer in regard to the relationship existing with those that the business interacts with, such as its publics, the external and internal stakeholders.

As business extend their operations across the universe, they have to not just be aware of the company's strategies, policies, goals, vision and mission, but as well consider the ethical and legal issues in the business through the globe. When organizations extend their activities to a foreign environment, they have to deal with the important ethical and moral difficulties and decision making for them to establish a successful expansion (Cavanagh, 2014). Ethics of international business got introduced a bit late through the universe in comparison to the ethics of business that emerged in the 1970's. In the late 1990's, the ethics of international business came forefront particularly after the establishment of the economy that happened on a global scale.

During the 1990's, several businesses from countries still developing extended their activities and got to the multinational level. The transactions amongst the governments and businesses rose, thereby increasing several practical matters. Culture alongside its relativity was amongst the factors popular in comparison to the others. Various ethical matters in the international business context are typically solved in line with land laws, however, they fall under the international business ethics context.

Among the known ethical matters in the international business involve corruption and bribery, the environment, the political arena, religion, human rights, supervisory oversight, integrity and trust, child labor, equity in opportunities and diversity in the workplace, working conditions and standards as well as outsourcing (DeGeorge, 2013). Trading business at the international level require entirely complying with the state and federal regulations of safety, laws of the environment, laws of civil rights and monetary as well as fiscal reporting statutes.

Considerations of culture might either break or establish an organization as it conducts business internationally. Each culture and a country has their code of ethics, traditions, customs and history. Barriers experienced in culture involves language, which always defines that an organization has to depend on the translators as they speak to the business clients and contacts. Gender is regarded as a serious matter in nations where women are prevented from having similar rights as men. Holidays of religions and other events of cultures can prevent trading at particular period (Firestone & Catlett, 2009). Acting according to the cultural and ethical values is important for the multinational organization to achieve the business and support of the clients and to attain a competitive market in a specific market.

The rapid international business growth has caused a rise in the demand for specialists who are qualified and familiar with the universal markets, international business ethical issues, considerations of cultures and practices involved in business. As cultural, economic, legal, and political norms differs between countries, different ethical issues increase in line with them. A fundamental practice might become ethical in a nation although regarded as unethical in the other. Managers at the multinational level require sensitivity aspect to the changing variations and manage to decide an ethical action appropriately.

Employment Practices and Ethics

Ethical issues relate to practices of employment in several nations. The conditions experienced in a host nation might be quite inferior in regard to the ones in the home country of the multinational. Several people might have the opinion that pay as well as conditions of work have to be the same throughout the countries, although they do not care about the divergence quantum.

Twelve-hour workdays, less pay and the indifference in the protection of workers from toxic chemicals are normal in a number of developing countries (Halbert,&Ingulli, 2013). The question if it is normal for a multinational to be subjective to the similar practice when they decide these kind of developing countries as their host nations looks easy, although practically, it establishes a severe dilemma.

Human Rights

Basic human rights remain avoided by several countries. Rights such as freedom from political repression, movement, assembly, association and freedom of speech, for instance, are not accepted in the entire world. South Africa at the time of apartheid and white rule is a practical example. It did last until the year 1994. The system put into practice the denial of the primary political rights to the majority South African non-white population, segregation amongst the nonwhites and the whites became prevalent, a range of occupations often were reserved for the white people (Peng, 2017). In spite of odious system nature, the businesses of the West did function in South Africa. This consideration with the unequal nature reliance on ethnicity was in question since the year 1980. It remain a massive ethical matter in the international business.

Environmental Pollution

When regulation of an environment in the host country is quite inferior in comparison to the home country, ethical issues may establish. Various countries have strong regulations considering the pollutants emission, the dumping and toxic materials utilization and other related examples. The developing countries might be less strict, and considering critics, it leads to additionally increased pollution levels from the multinational activities in host countries. It does not seem as ethical for the multinational firms to operate as they pollute the developing host countries (Pedersen,Asmussen, & Devinney, 2011). The substantial and morally essential act to undertake in such a case creates an ethical dilemma; allowing the multinational countries to pollute the host nations for the advantage of their economy of the multinational nations ensuring that the foreign subsidiaries act in line with similar standards as they do in their home nations. These issues are still contemporary and not old.

Corruption

Corruption is a subject matter in each community in history, and it keeps on becoming an issue even in the recent times. The corrupt individuals in government are all over. International businesses always seem to acquire and have got the business and financial advantages through bribing the officials, thereby displaying an unethical act (Neiman, 2012). A range of modern philosophers tend to argue that the multinational nations' power introduces a social responsibility to provide resources to the societies. The social responsibility idea comes up because of the philosophy that people in business have to take into account the social consequences of their behavior (Marinov, &Marinova, 2012). They have to as well care that the decisions have to contain ethical and meaningful social and economic consequences. Social responsibility manages to gain support since it is the proper and preferred method for a business to undertake its operations. Businesses, specifically the successful and popular ones, require the recognition of their moral and social obligations and provide resources and financial support to the societies.

Payment of bribes is practically known in several nations, and bribes always take the grease payments form, regarded as small inducements which are meant to expedite transactions as well as decisions. For example, in Mexico and India, a grease form of payment might assist a person to get their phones installed quickly at work or at home (Mehmet, Mendes, & Sinding, 2017). The transparency illicit acts of international tracks, for example, embezzlement and bribery, in a hundred and eighty nations in the public sector through the survey of executives of international business. It does assign the Corruption Perceptions Index rating to every nation.

Global Business Ethics

The ethics' field is a philosophy branch that tends to seek morality and virtues, as it addresses questions regarding the wrong and right behavior for individuals in a range of settings, the behavior standards that inform on the way people are supposed to behave. Global ethics influence several fields and not only businesses involving science, government and medicine. The initial step is understanding the ethics origin, if they generate from nature laws, philosophy, religion, and the study of science, the political theory study that relates to the norms of ethics established in the society or other areas of knowledge. As human beings go back to history to gain knowledge on the social, technical and political variations, they as well identify the variations in philosophy and thinking (Akben-Selcuk, 2016). There exists a history on the way thinking has undergone evolution through the years. The things that can or cannot have been agreed upon approximately hundred years in the past might be extensively diverse in the recent times form the way humans present themselves and the way they behave and interact to the beliefs, values and customs.

Culture does affect the way local values impact global business ethics. There exists variations in the level of importance the cultures pose on particular ethical behaviors. For instance, briber...